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crap quantum


Nella prima metà del ventesimo secolo, lo sviluppo della fisica quantistica ad opera di un gruppo di scienziati europei (Planck, Bohr, Heisenberg, Dirac, Einstein, De Broglie, Schrödinger e altri yet) scored a break of the traditional image of the very largest of any previous scientific revolution. Although the discoveries of Galileo and Newton were counter-intuitive, than the physical "naive" Aristotle, but they were basically understandable and rational enough to be justified by Kant, in retrospect, as based on principles is absolutely necessary. Nor does the theory of relativity, Einstein was so deeply as the enigmatic behavior of the waves and elementary particle physics revealed by the early decades of the twentieth century.

Scientific revolutions bring with them, quite inevitable, a rethinking of the epistemological principles underlying them research. After initial confusion, the first reaction by some of the scientists involved was an interpretation of nature in an anti-realist, idealist, if not openly, clearly in conflict with the approach of "materialist" traditionally attributed to men of science. Array idealist is certainly the so-called Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics, endorsed by Niels Bohr and Werner Heisenberg. What made Einstein very wary of quantum mechanics all (even though she was one of the fathers) and that made him exclaim: "I can not believe that the moon is not there if you look at it."

While not actually a unique formulation, so that no clearly understand what it is exactly, I think the main feature of the Copenhagen interpretation is the importance given to the apparatus of measurement and the role played by the observer. One of the most surprising results of quantum mechanics is the fact that the behavior of some entities (elementary particles) is determined by the experiment itself with which you try to observe it, while their intrinsic nature is somehow "undetermined" when they are not observed. That experiment shows us the particle at a given location in space, but before they observed the particle's position was not merely unknown, is that just was not anywhere, or even better was all over (he was in a "superposition of states", say the physicists). A good introduction to the topic, by a true luminary, it can be found in this post.

So far nothing wrong, that is, it is surprising, but it is not even an interpretation, is what is actually observed, however strange. The idealism is apparent in the most extreme interpretations of this experimental fact, for example, when we begin to attribute not so much experimental apparatus, but the "conscious observation" of the investigator the power to transform reality. When that is attributed to the immaterial mind, rather than the machines, the collapse of the wave function (the mathematical function that describes the superposition of possible states of a particle or a group of particles).

This is not only a metaphysical bizarre (and as such would be harmless), but in fact also leads to contradictory experimental consequences, as we argued in Paul Musso this article. Paul Musso always kindly provide me the necessary references to show that this idealistic reading of the Copenhagen interpretation is not entirely an invention of mine, but that even if none of the scientists involved (except, apparently, von Neumann) had embraced with conviction , at least some of their words show a propensity toward idealism.

The normal separation of the world between subject and object, between inner and outer world, between body and soul, is no longer adequate. [...] All the opponents of the Copenhagen interpretation agree on one point. It would be desirable, according to them, return to the concept of reality of classical physics or, to use a philosophical term, the ontology of materialism. They prefer to return to the idea of \u200b\u200ban objective real world whose small particles exist objectively in the same sense in which there are rocks and trees, regardless of whether we observe them or not (Werner Heisenberg)

As might be useful in the life of every day to say that the world exists "Out there" independently of us, this view can not be held [...] Yes, the universe, without you I would not have been able to begin to exist. However you, great system, you are made of phenomena, and phenomena based on an act of observation. You could never even exist without acts as my primary recording (John Wheeler)

will remain significant, whatever the future development of our concepts, the same study of the outside world has led to the conclusion that the content of consciousness is a irreducible reality (Eugene Wigner)

Unfortunately not only the Copenhagen interpretation is often presented as se fosse l'unica dottrina ortodossa in materia di fisica quantistica (specie quando contrapposta alla teoria delle variabili nascoste, che si è dimostrata in effetti impraticabile), ma molti testi divulgativi la presentano proprio in termini simili a quelli citati sopra, di modo che una certa immagine si è diffusa anche a livello popolare, e che non è raro sentire o leggere frasi come "ormai la fisica quantistica ha dimostrato che non esiste una realtà oggettiva, ma che la realtà viene creata dalla nostra stessa mente".

Pura fuffa cui ha poi contribuito la letteratura new age, e tutti quei libri, a partire dal celebre Il Tao della fisica di Fritjof Capra, che si sono sforzati di intravedere connessioni fra Eastern mystical doctrines and the development of modern science. Connections striking because, on closer inspection, rather shallow (basically anything you like at all). Frankly, the idea that a Tibetan monaco a few years ago may have developed something like the conception of reality revealed by quantum physics simply "meditation" is rather offensive to those who do the work of the scientist, who knows that only required to submit his ideas to the court experience, but also that those ideas would not ever come without the work of all scientists who preceded him. No, say a vague and woolly nonsense like "everything is energy, everything is transformed" or other little thoughts by Perugina Bacio is not at all comparable to the inventor of the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, or to describe the structure of an atom.

even more dangerous when the speech is used by charlatans to sell their concoctions. It is not uncommon, unfortunately, that quantum physics is being invoked by members of the "holistic medicine" or chissacché, to justify their crazy proceedings. People who try to convince patients of the enormous power of their mind to affect the real transform, and thus to defeat any conceivable illness by sheer force of will ("does quantum physics!"). People who come to devise a scheme called " medicine quantistica " e che la presentano con stringhe di parole assolutamente senza senso alcuno, ad esempio:

L’uomo e la natura sono costituiti di energia e materia. La materia è frequenza elettromagnetica condensata, e quindi tutti i corpi emettono frequenze (energia) e possono anche riceverle. Tutte le cellule del corpo umano grazie al loro DNA che funziona come un trasmettitore-ricevitore sono in continua connessione elettrica e modificano sè stesse [sic] a seconda dei messaggi.
La medicina quantistica grazie a tecnologie basate sulla fisica quantistica (Plank-Borch) [sic] può decodificare le trasmissioni intercellulari ed effettuare una diagnosi e quindi una terapia corretta che può essere: omeopatica, acupuncture, herbal medicine, etc.. according to the direction of the physician.

All the "diseases" from the common cold to the effects of psoriasis are changes in perception of reality, which over months or years and in the case of children at birth, leading to a change in the electromagnetic frequencies of our "Unity "and then the malfunction of DNA prior to the composition of adenine, guanine, cytosine and uracil [actually uracil is a component of RNA], is a propeller frequency crystal.
Depending on the type of personal imbalance, alteration frequency creates the "disease" of an organ (or more) instead of another.
All doctors working in the field of alternative medicine, they know that fear affects the kidneys and heart, the anger, the liver and gallbladder, to put the central nervous system, devaluation of self and the spine bones.

I appeal to all lovers of New Age doctrines, oriental religions, alternative medicine, pseudoscience, and any other business, is: "do well what you want, how you want to live well, be fooled by those who want, but please, let alone quantum physics and in general things that are bigger than you and the capabilities of your brain. It does not deserve you, was not concepita per essere abusata da voi e per diventare un giochino da astrologi della domenica, ma è una delle più grandi elaborazioni concettuali dell'umanità. Lasciatela stare, per piacere. Oppure buttatevi dal decimo piano di un palazzo e provate a modificare la realtà del marciapiede".

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idolatry of the facts and ecologists


"La lettura del giornale è la preghiera dell'uomo moderno", diceva Hegel. È anche la sua superstizione, aggiungo io. Hegel intendeva dire che il processo di secolarizzazione e immanentizzazione della religione era giunto al punto che per entrare in contatto con la divinità, in qualunque modo la si chiami (Spirito Assoluto, ad esempio) era sufficiente essere aggiornati su quel happens. The Spirit is made manifest not through miracles and works of the saints and prophets, but through the record, or through the unfolding of historical events (not quite the same thing, but some do not distinguish). The problem of a secular religion, however, is that it is still a religion.

Journalism and information (in whatever form, paper, television or electronic) with all the credit they have in order to form a "public opinion", a "social conscience" and the control of political power, are undoubtedly the largest source of non-knowledge we have today, and one of the most dangerous, the illusion of knowledge they produce, and dependence-inducing. Facts and factoids run daily before our eyes, drugged for information, often without them we can realize the extreme insignificance and temporary nature, not only on geological and cosmological scale, but precisely in relation to our lives and our interests even frivolous.

It's more fun to follow a football game in its development, that knowing only the result at the end (or so they say sports fans), but I do not think that the anxiety to know minute by minute, the performance of a stock exchange, or processing of a bill in Parliament, or consultations for the formation or the break-up of political alliances in anticipation of confidence in the Government, have much to do with the sporting spirit. The truth, we should recognize is that most of the information we receive from the newspapers is absolutely unnecessary and that we would live much better without.

Much of the information we receive from an online journal, updated in real time, may be given in block only once a day, so we can feel more relaxed (the prayer mentioned by Hegel was that morning, our modern idolatry urges us to pray compulsively at any time of day). Much of the information contained in a newspaper may be given by a weekly newspaper, and the function of a weekly could largely be done on a monthly basis. Some of informazioni contenute in tutti questi giornali potrebbero non essere date mai, naturalmente, perché mai serviranno a qualcuno (se non forse al giornale stesso per giustificare la sua esistenza).

Quando i giornalisti scioperano si comportano un po' come se dovesse crollare il mondo, come se la democrazia fosse destinata a cedere per un solo giorno di black out informativo, ma in fondo, a ben vedere, non è proprio come se scioperassero gli ospedali, e non se ne sente troppo la mancanza. Possiamo fare a meno della dichiarazione del politico di turno che sarà superata dalla dichiarazione di domani, di leggere quello che oggi ci sembra importante ma domani non lo sarà più (per una collezioni di altri giudizi sferzanti journalism, read Karl Kraus's aphorisms, or Taleb's books).

If the newspapers are the realm of the ephemeral and the transitory, the opposite of journalism is the study of what is eternal, that which stands beyond our earthly misery. The study of being as opposed to mere existence. Those who held a job as far as possible from that of the journalists are, therefore, mathematicians, scholars of the a priori forms of space and time, before all time and space to lived experience. What's less transient Pythagorean theorem? less ephemeral of "news" that there are infinitely many primes, or that there is no triplet of numbers x eyez such that x ^ n + y ^ n = z ^ n (for each n> 2)?

If these are the thesis and antithesis, synthesis Hegel has perhaps found an American mathematician and writer, John Allen Paulos, author of A Mathematician Reads the Newspaper , which describes precisely the paradoxical approach a mathematician to reading newspapers. This is basically nothing more than a work of popularization, which seeks to combat the widespread scientific illiteracy as a bit 'everywhere (and of course that goes beyond the knowledge of only mathematics), teaching at a critical and attentive to deep structures and essential that hide behind a story, the rationale that underlies the real. We therefore think a pars destruens , where you make fun of how some news and dates are similar, and a pars construens where you propose better alternatives (perhaps a little 'utopian).

Examples our own: if I read it, as has happened recently that "without a license and a Moroccan drug addict has hit and killed seven cyclists", I naturally wonder what on earth can add to the tragic news, the fact that the driver was Moroccan ( it does not say if it was left-handed or ambidextrous, or which team tifava, because these data are rightly considered to be insignificant.) So there is a problem now, filter the information to be reported the selected data. If we do not pay attention to these things we risk not so much enter into communication with the zeitgeist , "the spirit of time" but only with an editor's mood a bit 'fascist, we are not really informed about what is going on.

Every time you date a story like that, also would be nice to see a table that contains statistics on the incidence of road deaths to date, perhaps in relation to other phenomena. In this way the reader would perhaps be less inclined to attribute real significance to the events, proportional to their exposure in the newspapers. For example: "Sharm, a shark kills tourist" (on Republic yesterday). The fact that every time a shark killed someone ends up on the news paper, while not all deaths to fall off the bicycle have such prominence, the sharks might make it seem much more dangerous than bicycles, when of course it is not, and likely to be attacked by a shark, even diving in coral reefs, are lowly compared to conduct a two-wheeled vehicle. As, moreover, is unlikely to become a victim of a terrorist attack (many people at this point they look very smart with words and then you say "yes, but if it happens just to you?" As if it meant something).

Some ignorance is responsible for mathematical thought, attributed to the inhabitants of Brembate di Sopra (country where a girl who died recently) that "this has always been a peaceful country, was never anything like this happened." Well, with 7,746 inhabitants, does not surprise me. If the bloody facts of the news take place more frequently in large cities and populous towns in that tiny, there is a strictly mathematical reason that has nothing to do with the fact that the city would be more dangerous. In general, things tend to happen more often "elsewhere" (city or town that is), not in your little corner of the world. The thought that "this is a quiet place," reveals a rather 'limited and egocentric.

Very strange, from our point of view, the habit of journalists to go to "test" the mood of a population by collecting a couple of opinions from passersby. The polls are real things quite complicated: in this case the amount of information that is conveyed by such passages is not only scarce, but perhaps it is even a negative amount. It is not only unnecessary, it is misleading and potentially harmful, leads one to believe that you have knowledge that does not really have. Yet the fake polls are increasingly a key ingredient of online journals. It is true that there is usually a warning "this poll has no scientific value", but because there is this awareness into the habit is even more mysterious. It would be like to publish a story and then write in a note that in all likelihood it is an invention of the editor.

Speaking of polls, it would not hurt if journalists as well as the percentage from time to time gave the margin of error. Today I heard the director of the La 7 TV news commenting on the usual weekly poll on voting intentions of the Italians, which show that the Democratic Party has gained since last week, 0.2 percentage points. The problem is that if you are not given the margin of error, which are presumably above 0.2 per cent more or less, one might even mistake it for a good news for the Democratic Party, rather than a statistically insignificant difference (as indeed one might expect, in the space of one week in which things have not happened sensational). In reality, the consent of the PD may well be dropped.

Those involved in weather forecasting, however, should explain to the listeners that there is nothing strange if the temperatures are above or below the seasonal average: what is the meaning of "media", c ' is an average when there are deviations from the average, temperatures are not always constant. It should also deflate expressions such as "hot record" or "cold record" that have clearly lost all meaning. Maybe we will have some ecologist less but may be worth it, if we are still citizens more aware of the meaning of expressions such as sealed "media" and "record". After

need little and a little 'courage. It may be that the newspapers made correctly, who can find the right balance between the "daily show" and the eternity of the numbers, sell more. Perhaps it is worth trying.